Sowing depth - Determines germination and health

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Benji Freeman
Saattiefe - Bedingt Keimverhalten und Gesundheit

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Different species can germinate under a wide range of conditions. However, some species require specific conditions to develop. The depth at which a seed is placed in the soil is, among other things, a crucial factor for successful plant cultivation. It significantly influences germination, early growth, and later development of the plant. Incorrect sowing depth can lead to stunted growth, crop losses, or even complete crop failure. How deep plant species should be sown is explained in our variety information. You can find out more about this in this article.

What determines the sowing depth?

The ideal depth depends on several factors, including the species' specific physiological characteristics and environmental requirements. 
 
How certain species develop during the germination stage fundamentally determines how deep a seed is sown. Light influences can affect some species, while others absolutely require light.

The size of the seed indicates its nutrient and storage reserves, and therefore how deep it can be sown. Smaller seeds have fewer of these reserves, which means they have difficulty germinating at great depths.
How specific species develop in the germination stage is fundamentally determined by how deep a seed is sown. Light influences can affect some species, while others absolutely require light.
The size of the seed indicates its nutrient and storage reserves, and therefore how deep it can be sown. Smaller seeds have fewer of these reserves, which means they have difficulty germinating at great depths.

Rules of thumb for sowing depth

A tried and tested farmer’s rule is:

“Sow three times as deep as the seed is thick.”

As a rough guide, the following can be considered:
- Large seeds such as peas, beans, corn, broad beans, and cucurbits are sown about 2–4 cm deep.
- Smaller seeds such as carrots, parsley, parsnips, and parsley root are placed only 0.5–1 cm deep.
- Fine seeds, such as those of most herbs and light-germinating plants, germinate directly on the soil surface.

Why is sowing depth important?

The vitality depends on the sowing depth and influences:
- Germination rate and vigor
- Root development
- Plant stature and uniformity
- Susceptibility to disease
Seeds sown too deeply require more energy to reach the surface. If this energy is exhausted before reaching the light, the seedling dies. Proper seeding depth promotes stable and even root development, making the plant more resistant to drought and wind. Varying seeding depths lead to uneven germination, increasing competition for light and nutrients and reducing harvest quality. Seeding too deep can lead to waterlogging, which promotes fungal diseases. Seeds sown too shallow can make the plant more susceptible to UV radiation and pests.

Tips

- Heavy, clayey soils should be enriched with humus at the site where the seeds are sown. Deep-lying seeds in these soils are less likely to receive oxygen, thus impairing germination.
- Light and sandy soils tend to dry out quickly due to their permeability, making it less supportive for plants. Therefore, it's recommended to amend the soil at the sowing site with some clay to improve water retention.
The correct sowing depth is not a coincidence, but the result of knowledge and experience. It determines whether a plant grows healthily, develops well, and ultimately produces a successful harvest. Adapting the species to its specific requirements lays the foundation for strong plants and a bountiful harvest.
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Comments

Eine gute und präzise sachlich gut verständliche Anleitung zum erfolgreichen Anbau von Gemüse. Dankeschön.

Annegret Scheibke
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